De la crueldad animal a la dominación social interespecie y el autoritarismo: una revisión teórica desde la psicología social

From animal cruelty to interspecies social domination and authoritarianism: A theoretical review from social psychology

Este artículo busca presentar un debate teórico contemporáneo, a partir de una extensa revisión de literatura especializada, en el campo de la psicología social y política sobre la configuración del prejuicio y la dominación interespecie —especismo— y entre grupos sociales humanos, así como su irreductible imbricación analítica. Para ello, este texto se divide en tres apartados. En el primero, a modo de introducción se presentan investigaciones pioneras desde el campo de la psicología y la criminología, las que a partir de los años ochenta empezaron el estudio de la relación entre la crueldad hacia los animales y la violencia interpersonal. En el segundo, se esbozan los modelos teóricos más relevantes para el estudio del especismo, que toman como base la teoría de la dominación social, junto con otras categorías analíticas relevantes como: estrés traumático inducido por perpetración, estrés moral y adormecimiento psíquico, que permiten explicar procesos psicosociales subyacentes a la violencia especista. Finalmente, se expone la masculinización de este tipo de violencia y los mecanismos de genderización detrás de la dominación social

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