Tecnologías para ahorrar agua en el cultivo de arroz

Technologies for water saving in rice

El uso eficiente del agua determina el futuro del cultivo de arroz en Colombia frente a los tratados de libre comercio, ya que es un factor que condiciona el área sembrada, el rendimiento de la cosecha y los costos de producción, además de su sostenibilidad en el tiempo. Por lo tanto, se presenta una revisión de las tecnologías desarrolladas a nivel mundial enfocadas al ahorro del agua en el cultivo de arroz en condiciones aeróbicas y anaeróbicas. Se resaltan tecnologías alternativas que superan al sistema convencional en rendimiento y en la cantidad de arroz cosechado por metro cúbico de agua invertido. En la reflexión para Colombia, se destacan aspectos importantes para la construcción de la agenda de investigación y la apropiación social de las tecnologías alternativas con miras a la optimización del recurso hídrico en el cultivo de arroz; se recomienda priorizar el arroz aeróbico y la medición efectiva del consumo de agua, indispensable para controlar su uso, planear, dirigir y entender cómo estas tecnologías alternativas conducen a la recuperación de la inversión de los agricultores y a la rentabilidad del cultivo. 

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106. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/24629448.1757