Células madre mesenquimales: características biológicas y aplicaciones clínicas.

Células madre mesenquimales: características biológicas y aplicaciones clínicas.

Las células madre mesenquimales son células pluripotentes y adultas con morfología fibroblastoide y plasticidad hacia diversos linajes celulares como condrocitos, osteocitos y adipocitos entre otros. Estas células pueden ser aisladas principalmente de médula ósea, sangre de cordón umbilical y tejido adiposo de donde se han logrado establecer cultivos que han permitido estudiar sus propiedades funcionales y fenotípicas.

Aunque la información obtenida hasta la fecha no brinda un conocimiento completo, se espera que con el desarrollo de próximas investigaciones se aclaren diversos aspectos biológicos para implementar su uso en medicina regenerativa. Esta revisión presenta una visión general sobre las células madre mesenquimales: morfología e inmunofenotipo, ontogenia, fuentes de obtención y aplicaciones clínicas.

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50. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/24629448.387