Determinación de metabolitos secundarios a partir de Bacillus subtilis efecto biocontrolador sobre Fusarium sp.

Determination of secondary metabolites from Bacillus subtilis with effect biological control on Fusarium sp.

El uso de agentes de control biológico es una alternativa eficaz para el tratamiento de las enfermedades en plantas, contribuyendo en la disminución del uso de pesticidas químicos. Microorganismos del género Bacillus se han convertido en el centro de interés por su producción de metabolitos de tipo secundario, con propiedades antifúngicas, supresores efectivos contra diversos Fitopatógenos como Fusarium, Pythium, Phytophthora y Rhizoctonia. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar la presencia de metabolitos secundarios obtenidos por fermentación en estado líquido a partir de una cepa de Bacillus subtilis, los cuales fueron analizados mediante cromatografía de alta resolución (HPLC). Se confirmó su efecto biocontrolador sobre Fusarium sp por pruebas de excavación en placa. Se identificó el antibiótico Iturina A, con una concentración aproximada de 151.805 mg/l y las pruebas de antagonismo in vitro expresaron un porcentaje de 70 a 100% de inhibición de crecimiento sobre Fusarium sp. Se espera a futuro identificar la presencia de otros metabolitos de tipo secundario, de importancia en fitosanidad, como la producción de surfactina y fengicina.

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34. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/24629448.1003