El Deterioro Cognitivo como una complicación de la Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2

Congnitve Impairtent as a Type 2 Diabestes Mellitus complication

Introducción: La Diabetes Mellitus es una enfermedad compleja que impacta la salud pública debido a su alta prevalencia, el costo que implica y complicaciones asociadas como lo es la alteración cognitiva. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de tema consultando literatura nacional e internacional en bases de datos de ciencias sociales y ciencias de la salud entre los años 1990-2019 que exponen la posible asociación entre la diabetes mellitus y deterioro cognitivo, así como las posibles rutas que lo conllevan. Resultados: La literatura consultada plantea una relación entre la diabetes mellitus y complicaciones del sistema nervioso central, lesiones neurológicas, deficiencias en la capacidad de atención, pérdida de la memoria, deterioro cognitivo, un considerable incremento en el riesgo de desarrollar demencia y demencia tipo Alzheimer, sin embargo, no se evidencia un consenso en el grado de afectación que pueda tener sobre los procesos cognitivos. Conclusiones: La naturaleza progresiva tanto de la diabetes mellitus, así como el riesgo vascular asociado, sugieren la necesidad de realizar prevención del deterioro cognitivo en pacientes diagnosticados con diabetes mellitus, a partir de una evaluación integral que incluya pruebas neuropsicológicas dentro de los exámenes de rutina

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