Respecting cultural diversity in ethics applied to AI : a new approach for a multicultural governance

Emmanuel Goffi; Aco Momcilovic

doi:10.25058/1794600X.2135

Respecting cultural diversity in ethics applied to AI : a new approach for a multicultural governance

Respetar la diversidad cultural en la ética aplicada a la Inteligencia Artificial : un nuevo enfoque para un gobierno multicultural

Published 2022-12-12

Open | Download

PDF FLIP

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 23 (2022)

Section

Artículos originales internacionales

How to Cite

Goffi, E., & Momcilovic, A. (2022). Respecting cultural diversity in ethics applied to AI : a new approach for a multicultural governance. Misión Jurídica, 15(23), 111-122. https://doi.org/10.25058/1794600X.2135

DOI

https://doi.org/10.25058/1794600X.2135

Dimensions

PlumX

license

COPYRIGHT PROVISIONS

Every papper included in the magazine can be reproduced whole or in part, provided that respect for its original content, the source is acknowledged and is used with non-commercial academic. Legal mission and its content is protected under a license Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-SinDerivar 4.0 international.

Misión Jurídica is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivar 4.0 International License.
Based on a work in http://unicolmayor.edu.co/publicaciones/index.php/mjuridica/index.
Permits that go beyond what is covered by this license can be found at http://unicolmayor.edu.co/publicaciones/index.php/mjuridica/index.

Emmanuel Goffi

Canadian Mennonite University

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-4596

Aco Momcilovic

Global AI Ethics institute: Paris, Francia

Show authors biography

Emmanuel Goffi,

is a philosopher of artificial intelligence. He is the co-Founder and co-Director of the Global AI Ethics Institute in Paris.

He is also and a Research Member of the Z-Inspection® Initiative, an associate faculty at the Big Data Lab of the Goethe Universität in Frankfurt, Germany, a research fellow with the Centre for Defence and Security Studies at the University of Manitoba, in Winnipeg, Canada and Honorary member of the Éthique, Langue, Communication et Numérique Team of the Université Mohammed Premier in Oujda, Morocco. Emmanuel is also an advisor in ethical standardization for Huawei.

Dr Goffi has served in the French Air Force for 27 years. He holds a PhD in Political Science from Science Po-CERI, and a master's degree in political science from Science Po, as well as a research master's degree in political science from the Institut d’Etudes Politiques d’Aix en Provence.

Emmanuel Goffi is the author and the co-editor of several books and has written numerous articles and book chapters in French and English. He is regularly invited to give talks and lectures, and to participate to expert meetings in France and abroad.

Aco Momcilovic,

is the creator and researcher of the National AI Capital concept, and co-Founder and o-Director of Global AI Ethics Institute, Paris.

He is Visiting Professor at the Swiss School of Business and Management - Human Resources Management. Additionally, he is lecturing in different business schools on different human resources topics, corporate culture, and other business-related subjects.

Aco is a Ph.D. Researcher at the University of Dubrovnik – Digital Economy. He holds an Executive MBA from Cotrugli Business School in Zagreb. He attended programs in psychology at the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Zagreb (FFZG), in Neuro Linguistic Programming at the NLP Leadership Academy, and Integral School of Organizational Development (ISOD).

He held positions in human resources (HR) with Ledo, L’Oreal Adria, and Billa - REWE Group, and as a HR consultant on different projects in several industries. He was also Chief human resources officer in Rimac Automobili, and EU Funds Project Manager.

Since 2018, he is the owner of FutureHR company, working as a human resources and business expert and consultant for different companies.

Aco Momcilovic is also Chairman of the Supervisory Board of MBA Croatia, an association that is gathering all MBA alumni in Croatia, and founder and former President of business-humanitarian organization POZA. He is also part of the Meeting G2 project – which is connecting businesspeople from the Croatian diaspora. He is one of the founders and a member of the Supervisory Board of the Voice of Entrepreneurs association, the biggest association of Small and medium-sized enterprises in Croatia.

Artificial intelligence

Culture

Governance

Ethics

Diversity

Artificial intelligence seems to be part of our everyday lives. For some it represents the promise of a better world and many improvements that would be beneficial for humanity. For others, AI is seen as threat, if not an existential threat that needs to be controlled strictly. Whatever the stance, the need to regulate AI is now widely recognized. Short of legal instruments offering a specific framework for the development and use of AI, ethics has been summoned to set standards and establish guardrails. Yet, the number of documents pertaining to ethical standards for AI has increased exponentially to reach a point where it is difficult to know how to use them efficiently. These documents have mostly been issued to promote vested interests, and the setting of a universal code of AI ethics has been seen as a solution for AI global governance. If a global governance system is required to avoid negative outcomes of AI, it appears that the idea of a universal code of ethics denies the diversity of ethical standpoints based on the diversity of philosophical cultures the world is made of. Instead of offering a legitimate and efficient tool, such a solution could lead to cultural tensions between leading actors in the field of AI as it is the case between China and the United States. To avoid conflicting situations stemming from the denial of cultural diversity, it is more than ever necessary to put aside the idea of a universal code of AI

Article visits 308 | PDF visits 230

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Jobin, Anna, Ienca, Marcello and Vayena, Effy. “The Global Landscape of AI Ethics Guidelines.” Nature Machine Intelligence 1.9 (2019): 389-99.
Zeng, Yi, Lu, Enmeng, and Huangfu, Cunqing. “Linking Artificial Intelligence Principles.” CEUR Workshop Proceedings 2301, paper 15 (2019).
Jelinek, Thorsten. “The Future Rulers? On Artificial Intelligence Ethics and
Governance.” In Billows W. and Körber S. Reset Europe: Time For Culture To Give Europe New Momentum. Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (2020): 244-252.
OECD. Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence. OECD Legal Instrument 0449 (2021). Available at
UNESCO. Preliminary report on the first draft of the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. (2020). Available at https://events.unesco.org/event?id=515530304
HLEGAI - High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence. Ethics guidelines for Trustworthy AI. European Commission (2019). Available at file:///D:/Publications/En%20cours/ICSSD/ai_hleg_ethics_guidelines_for_trustworthy_ ai-en_87F84A41-A6E8-F38C-BFF661481B40077B_60419.pdf
G20. Ministerial Statement on Trade and Digital Economy. Tsukuba City, Japan, 8-9 June 2019. Available at https://www.mofa.go.jp/files/000486596.pdf
CAHAI - Ad hoc Committee on Artificial Intelligence. “Towards regulation of AI systems: Global perspectives on the development of a legal framework on Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems based on the Council of Europe’s standards on human rights, democracy and the rule of law.” Council of Europe (2020). Available at https://rm.coe.int/prems-107320-gbr-2018-compli-cahai-couv-texte-a4-bat-web/1680a0c17a
Bielby, Jared. “Comparative philosophies in intercultural information ethics.”
Confluence: Online Journal of World Philosophies 2 (2015): 233-253.
IEEE. Ethically Aligned Design First Edition: Prioritizing Human Wellbeing with Autonomous and Intelligent Systems. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (2019). https://standards.ieee.org/content/dam/ieee-standards/standards/web/documents/other/ead1e.pdf?utm_medium=undefined&utm_source=undefined&utm_campaign=undefined&utm_content=undefined&utm_term=und efined
European Commission. Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council, laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence act) and amending certain union legislative acts. COM(2021) 206 final, 2021/0106(COD). Brussels (2021). Available at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52021PC0206&from=EN
Aristotle. History of Animals. Translated by D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson. The Internet Classics Archive (2000). Available at http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/history_anim.html
Lovejoy, Arthur O. The Great Chain of Being: A Study of the History of an Idea. Harvard University Press (1964).
Heidegger, Martin. The Question Concerning Technology.1958.
Simondon, Gilbert. On the Mode of Existence of Technical Objects. Translated form French by Cécile Malaspina and John Rogove. Univocal Publishing (2017) [1958].
Feenberg, Andrew. Transforming Technology: A Critical Theory Revisited. Oxford University Press (2002).
Evans, Lewis. The Satires of Juvenal, Persius, Sulpici, and Luculius. Henry G. Bohn (1860).
Goffi, Emmanuel R. “Escaping the Western Cosm-Ethical Hegemony: The Importance of Cultural Diversity in the Ethical Assessment of Artificial Intelligence.” AI Ethics Journal 2(2)-1 (2021).
Auernhammer, Jan. “Human-centered AI: The role of Human-centered Design Research in the development of AI.” In Boess, S., Cheung, M., and Cain, R. (eds.). Synergy - DRS International Conference 2020, (2020). Available at https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/drs-conference-papers/drs2020/researchpapers/89/
Hagendorf, Thilo. “The Ethics of AI Ethics: An Evaluation of Guidelines.” Minds and Machines 30 (2020): 99-120. Available at https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11023-020-09517-8.pdf
Greene, Daniel, Hoffmann, Anna Lauren, and Stark, Luke. “Better, Nicer, Clearer, Fairer: A Critical Assessment of the Movement for Ethical Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning.” HICSS (2019).
Fjeld, Jessica, Achten, Nele, Hilligoss, Hannah, Nagy, Adam, Adam, and Srikumar, Madhulika. “Principled Artificial Intelligence: Mapping Consensus in Ethical and Rights- Based Approaches to Principles for AI.” Berkman Klein Center Research Publication, 2020.1 (2020).
United Nations. Universal Declaration of Human Rights. United Nations General Assembly, Paris (1948). Available at https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/217(III)
UNDP. Human Development Report. Oxford Oxford University Press (1994). Available at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/255/hdr_1994_en_complete_nostats.pdf